Abstract Introduction Inferior turbinate surgery is often performed concomitantly with rhinoseptoplasty. As inferior turbinates play a major role in allergic rhinitis, it seems reasonable to suggest that inferior turbinate surgery reduces allergy. Objective To assess the impact of nasal turbinate surgery on non-obstructive allergic symptoms (nasal discharge, sneezing, pruritus, and allergic conjunctivitis) and on the use of allergic medication in patients with allergic rhinitis undergoing rhinoseptoplasty. Methods Secondary analysis of aggregated data from two randomized controlled trials. Participants with allergic rhinitis aged 2: 16 years were recruited. Data from two groups were analyzed: patients with rhinoseptoplasty and concomitant turbinate reduction (intervention group) and patients with rhinoseptoplasty only (control group). The 90-day postoperative frequency of non-obstructive allergic symptoms and of nasal steroid and oral antihistamine use were analyzed. Results A total of 100 patients were studied. The groups were similar in terms of allergic symptom intensity and mean age. The frequency of non-obstructive allergic symptoms decreased 90 days postoperative in both groups (p < 0.01). There was no difference between the groups in the frequency of non-obstructive allergic symptoms at 90 days (p = 0.835). Topical nasal steroid and oral histamine antagonist use decreased in the intervention group at 90 days (p < 0.05). Conclusions Ninety days after the surgery, turbinate reduction performed in association with rhinoseptoplasty did not reduce the frequency of non-obstructive allergic symptoms more than rhinoplasty alone. However, the observed decrease in nasal steroid and oral antihistamine use suggests an impact of turbinate reduction on medication use in patients with allergic rhinitis undergoing rhinoseptoplasty. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov database (NCT01457638 and NCT02231216).

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o selamento de cavidades de lesões de cárie oclusais em dentina, reproduzidas in vitro, com resina flow comparando com restaurações em cavidades com dentina hígida utilizando resina composta microhíbrida. Métodos: Foram selecionados 27 molares decíduos hígidos, realizadas cavidades de aproximadamente 2 mm na região de fossa e fissura da face oclusal de cada dente, impermeabilização e divisão em 2 grupos aleatoriamente: grupo I foram submetidos ao desafio cariogênico e selamento oclusal com resina flow. Os dentes do grupo II foram restaurados com resina composta microhíbrida. Os dentes foram imersos em azul de metileno a 5% durante 8 horas a 37 ° C e lavados até que todo o corante fosse removido da superfície. Os dentes foram seccionados no sentido mesio-distal. A penetração do corante foi avaliada: 0- nenhuma penetração; 1- a penetração de corante até 1/3 da restauração; 2- a penetração de corante até 2/3 da restauração profundidade; 3- penetração de corante para a parede pulpar. Os resultados foram analisados pelo programa Biostat 4.0. Foi feita análise descritiva e a moda entre os examinadores submetidas ao teste de Mann-Whitney. Resultados: Não houve diferença significante na microinfiltração entre restauração realizada em dentina hígida com resina composta microhíbrida ou a manutenção da dentina infectada em dentes decíduos selados com resina flow (p=0.6035). Conclusão: A remoção ou não do tecido cariado, assim como o material utilizado, não influenciou na infiltração marginal de molares decíduos selados com resina composta microhíbrida e resina flow.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the sealing of cavities of dentinal occlusal caries lesions, reproduced in vitro, with flow resin compared to cavity restorations presenting healthy dentin using microhybrid composite resin. Methods: The sample consisted of 27 healthy deciduous molars where cavities of approximately 2 mm in the fossa region were performed and occlusal cleft of each tooth were sealed, impermeabilization was performed and the sample was randomly divided into 2 groups: group I underwent cariogenic challenge and occlusal sealing with resin flow. The teeth of group II were restored with microhybrid composite resin. The teeth were immersed in 5% methylene blue for 8 hours at 37° C and washed until all the dye was removed from the surface. The teeth were sectioned in the mesio-distal direction. The penetration of the dye was evaluated: 0- no penetration; 1- dye penetration up to 1/3 of the restoration; 2- dye penetration up to 2/3 of the restoration depth; 3 - penetration of dye into the pulp wall. The results were analyzed by the Biostat 4.0 program. Descriptive analysis and the mode among the examiners submitted to the Mann-Whitney test. Results: There was no significant difference in microleakage between restoration performed in healthy dentin with microhybrid composite resin or maintenance of infected dentin in primary teeth sealed with resin flow (p = 0.6035). Conclusion: It was concluded that the marginal infiltration of primary molars sealed with microhybrid composite resin and resin flow was not influenced by the removal -or not -of the carious tissue or the material used.

RESUMO Em ensaios in vitro, foram obtidos os valores da CI50 de oito fungicidas para o controle de Phakopsora pachyrhizi provenientes de Passo Fundo, RS, Ponta Grossa, PR e Primavera do Leste, MT. Diferentes concentrações dos fungicidas foram incorporadas ao meio ágar-extrato de folhas de soja em placas de Petri. Um mL da suspensão de uredosporos de P. pachyrhizi na concentração de 3,0 x 104 uredosporos/mL foi acrescentada a cada placa, para posterior quantificação da viabilidade. Somente a piraclostrobina e a mistura trifloxistrobina + protioconazol apresentaram valores de CI50 inferiores a 1,0 mg/L para todos os isolados testados, demonstrando alta fungitoxicidade. Não houve perda de sensibilidade a nenhum dos fungicidas testados.

ABSTRACT In vitro assays were preformed to obtain the IC50 of eight fungicides against Phakopsora pachyrhizi isolates from Passo Fundo, RS, Ponta Grossa, PR, and Primavera do Leste, MT. Different concentrations of the fungicides were added to Petri dishes containing soybean leaf extract agar medium. One milliliter of P. pachyrhizi uredospore suspension at the concentration of 3.0 x 104 uredospores/mL was added to each dish for subsequent viability quantification. Only pyraclostrobin and the mixture trifloxystrobin + prothioconazole showed IC50 values inferior to 1.0 mg/L for all tested isolates, demonstrating high fungitoxicity. There was not loss of sensitivity to any of the tested fungicides.

Objetivos: Avaliar as reações emocionais antes e após a aplicação de um livro audiovisual infantil que ilustra os pontos desencadeadores de medo e ansiedade na consulta odontológica. Além disso, verificou-se o efeito educativo desse livro como condicionamento prévio ao atendimento dental. Métodos: A pesquisa é um estudo piloto prospectivo conduzido na Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó, com amostra de conveniência de 20 crianças entre 4 a 6 anos de idade, com e sem experiência odontológica anterior. Todas essas crianças receberam o livro e foram avaliadas antes e após a apresentação desse pelos seus responsáveis. Aplicou-se o teste projetivo de FIS (Facial Image Scale), em 2 etapas no mesmo dia do atendimento. Os dois testes foram aplicados na recepção: antes da criança entrar em contato com o livro na sala anexa à clínica odontológica e após a criança entrar em contato com o instrumento lúdico. Foi realizada a anamnese e exame clínico no consultório odontológico pela odontopediatra para iniciar ou dar continuidade ao tratamento. Resultados: As crianças foram capazes de responder o teste projetivo com auto-análise. O livro audiovisual idealizado foi construído com sucesso e utilizado na pesquisa. A comparação entre FIS 1 e FIS 2 feito com teste-t pareado apresentou melhoras significativas comparando-se o resultado antes da apresentação do instrumento lúdico e após o uso do instrumento (p<0,0001), sendo que não houve diferença na ansiedade infantil entre os gêneros e as idades. Conclusão: O resultado da técnica de condicionamento utilizando o livro, antes do atendimento odontológico, foi altamente significativo na redução da ansiedade.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the emotional reactions before and after the application of a child audiovisual book that illustrates the trigger fear and anxiety points in the dental appointment. Moreover, the educational effect of this book as preconditioning to dental care was also verified. Methods: The study is a prospective pilot study conducted at the University of Western Santa Catarina with a convenience sample of 20 children aged 4-6 years old, with and without previous dental experience. All these children received the book and they were assessed before and after the presentation by responsible attendants. The projective test FIS (Facial Image Scale) was applied in 2 stages on the same day of assistance. Both tests were applied at the reception waiting room: before the child came into contact with the book in the dental clinic room and after the child came into contact with the playful instrument. Anamnesis and clinical examination were performed in the dental office by the dentist to start or continue the treatment. Results: The children were able to answer the projective test with self -analysis. The idealized audiovisual book was successfully constructed and used in the research. The comparison between FIS 1 and FIS 2 made with paired t-test showed significant improvements by comparing the results before the presentation of the playful instrument and after the use of it (p <0.0001), with no differences in childhood anxiety between genders and ages. Conclusion: The result of the conditioning technique using the book before the dental treatment was highly significant in reducing anxiety.